“Do we not often notice that when a man thinks he is being wronged, the more noble he s, the less he is able he is to calm the anger that boils within him, until he either gets justice or death calls him”
Plato, Republic.

Plato’s definition of thumos in The Republic captures the paradox of courage; it is the seat of courage an indignation; the fire that drives I men to resist injustice, but also the source of arrogance and unreason when left unchecked. In his tripartite model of the soul, thumos lies between logos (reason) and epithumia (appetite), meat to serve as an ally to reason against desire. When ordered, it creates courage; when corrupted, it inflates into hubris, violence and domination. The tragic events in Gaza reveal what happens when thumos abandons its service to justice and enthrones itself as a political principle.
Israel’s ongoing commitment to the destruction of Gaza and the Palestinian people, as dictated by Netanyahu, and as justified by the majority of Israeli citizens, reminds one of Plato’s concept of a collective thumos of the Polis, engendered through years of propaganda to reinforce hatred of the people the came to colonise. For decades the narrative was that somehow, the jewish diaspora had a god gven right to the territory of Palestine. And post WWII, through the help of their former exterminator’s commitment to “Staatsrason” this desire soon became a reality. No desire for a promised land to be made from the states in which they lives for centuries. In fact, had Hitler thought that this was at all a possibility, he would gladly have exiled the Ashkenazi Jews from Germany and mainland Europe, and focus on the destructin of the USSR.
What began as a faux outrage at an entirely avoidable, and likely exacerbated attack, descended the great evil of our time; a blemish that rivals or even out-evils the Aparteid regime in South Africa. This collective punishment was very much pre-meditated, and any jusification dissolved after the first few days of retaliation. Of course, there was no real justification for these acts, but this did not deter the onslaught. This was their moment, however tenous the thread of reason they used. Of course, by now, this collective Thumos has metastisised intot thebones of the Isreali state, penetrated the institutions, and poisoned the citizens against any let up. 57% percent of Israelis say they believe there are no innocents in Gaza, 42% beleiv that there should be no let up until all palestinians, or non jews designated as such, should be wiped out.
Plato would warn that when the thumotic element overpowers logos, the polis loses its soul, The spirites element of the Israeli polity; its indigantion, its ability to project strength, it’s refusal to be wronged without deadly retribution, has grown monstrous. It has eclipsed reason’s demand for proportion and justice.
Netanyahu, of course, embodies this, but it is also too easy to make a scapegoat, however complicit and eil, of one man. Yes, he is presented as the main perpetrator, but he is well backed by his people, and only those who feign some form of progressiveness and see the writing on the wall, are now calling for the war to stop and Netanyahu be removed. “Stop Netanyahu’s war” they cyncically shout in the sstreets, knowing and fearing their own draft into this war of destiny.
Netanyahu embodies this pathology. His rhetoric frames every instance of Palestinian resistance not only as an act of war, but as an affront to Isreal’s honor and survival He channels his thumos into perpetual defiance against an enfeebled “enemy”. Of course, he echoes the authoritarian, fascistic charicteristics of eader modern and ancient who exalt the the spirited drive as a political virtue. Mussolini’s glorification of marital pride, Hitler’s manifest destiny of the chosen superior race, and in antiquity, the Spartan Kings who prized honour over peace. These trends echo throughout history, and reverberate back into the future.
Plato’s Republic insists that justice means each aprt of the soul performing its proper role; reason ruling, spirit supoorting, appetite restraining. By this measure, Israel’s horrific actions are wholly unjustified. The spirited element has usurped reason, framing.
What Plato teaches us is that unchecked thumos may give the illusion of strengt, but corrodes the soul. In Gaza, we are witnessing the horrific results of a people who confuse anger with justice, vengeance with security, and pride with reason.

For cleaning this piece up, reorganise the paragrpahs, and make it more coherent. Find sources for any claim you make and cite them for the bibliography. This piece should be about 1200 word ideally. Make it more tied in each part so as to not drift too far from The Republic. Also make sureto always refer to it as The Republic.